Libri dal 1840 agli anni '70

Abstract/Sommario: The prospect of a science of politics - The size principle - Evidenze about the size principle - Research on and applications of the size principle - The dynamic model - Strategy in coalition building - An interlude and illustration from american politics - The stability of the model - Components of disequilibrium - Reflections on empires: an epilogue on the United States in world affairs.

Abstract/Sommario: Ensembles ouverts; voisinages; ensembles fermés - Fonctions continues - Sous-espaces; espaces quotients - Produit d'espaces topologiques - Applications ouvertes et applications fermées - Filtres - Limites - Espaces séparés et espaces réguliers - Espaces compacts et espaces localement compacts - Applications propres - Connexion - Espaces uniformes - Fonctions uniformément continues - Espaces complets - Relations entre espaces uniformes et espaces compacts.

Abstract/Sommario: Significato dell'assistenza pubblica per l'individuo e per la società - I comuni bisogni umani in relazione con le provvidenze assistenziali - L'amministrazione della pubblica assistenza la funzione ispettiva e la formazione dei quadri.

Abstract/Sommario: Les modifications les plus importantes par rapport à la première édition concernent le chapitre III. Le § 2 en a été complètement remanié et a été centrò sur l’idée de groupe opérant continument dans un espace topologique ; cette notion n'était abordée, dans la première édition, que dans certains cas particuliers. On a en outre ajouté au chapitre III deux nouveaux paragraphes : l’un concerne la notion de groupe opérant proprement dans un espace, notion qui généralise le concept classiq ...; [Leggi tutto...] Les modifications les plus importantes par rapport à la première édition concernent le chapitre III. Le § 2 en a été complètement remanié et a été centrò sur l’idée de groupe opérant continument dans un espace topologique ; cette notion n'était abordée, dans la première édition, que dans certains cas particuliers. On a en outre ajouté au chapitre III deux nouveaux paragraphes : l’un concerne la notion de groupe opérant proprement dans un espace, notion qui généralise le concept classique de groupe «proprement discontinu» ; la plupart des propriétés de compatite dans les groupes topologiques s’y rattachent de facon naturelle. L’autre est consacré aux limites projectives dans les groupes et les anneaux topologiques, qui acquièrent chaque jour plus d’importance dans les applications.

Abstract/Sommario: Prerequisites - Basic concepts of Markov chains - Absorbing Markov chains - Regular Markov chains - Ergodic Markov chains - Further results - Applications of Markov chains - Appendices.

Abstract/Sommario: Observations préliminaires - Maximum et minimum dans le cas discret. Apercu du problème de programmation linéaire - Remarques préliminaires sur la détermination des extrema d'une fonction continue d'une variable - Notions exactes touchant la formule de Taylor et les extrema d'une fonction d'une variable - La condition nécessaire du premier ordre dans le cas de deux ou plusieurs variables sand condition supplémentaire - La condition nécessaire du premier ordre dans le cas de deux ou plu ...; [Leggi tutto...] Observations préliminaires - Maximum et minimum dans le cas discret. Apercu du problème de programmation linéaire - Remarques préliminaires sur la détermination des extrema d'une fonction continue d'une variable - Notions exactes touchant la formule de Taylor et les extrema d'une fonction d'une variable - La condition nécessaire du premier ordre dans le cas de deux ou plusieurs variables sand condition supplémentaire - La condition nécessaire du premier ordre dans le cas de deux ou plusieurs variables avec conditions supplémentaires - Recherche simultanée des extrema de plusieurs fonctions. Optimalité de Pareto - Equations linéaires - Relations linéaires entre vecteurs, entre fonctions et entre équations - Condition du deuxième ordre et critère suffisant pour l'extremum local dans le cas de deux variables sans condition supplémentaire - Condition du deuxième ordre et critère suffisant pour l'extremum local dans le cas de plusieurs variables sans condition supplémentaire - Condition du deuxième ordre et critère suffisant pour l'extremum local dans le cas de plusieurs variables avec conditions supplémentaires - Apercu sur les matrices et le calcul des déterminants - Annexe technique sur les nombres complexes.

Abstract/Sommario: Standards of statistical practice - Replicated sampling designs - Some theory useful in sampling.

Abstract/Sommario: The first six years of TIMS have seen not only a growth in membership, in publications, in meetings and Communications, but the beginning of a scientific basis for many of the major problems of management. Six years ago, few people felt that the progress which has been accomplished in this field could be even approached. It was not even clear, in view of the complexity of management problems, that the scientist could contribute in any significant fashion in such a short period of time ...; [Leggi tutto...] The first six years of TIMS have seen not only a growth in membership, in publications, in meetings and Communications, but the beginning of a scientific basis for many of the major problems of management. Six years ago, few people felt that the progress which has been accomplished in this field could be even approached. It was not even clear, in view of the complexity of management problems, that the scientist could contribute in any significant fashion in such a short period of time in this area. However, as increasing numbers of scientific personnel have entered the field and management has increased its support of it, it has been possible to break these major problem areas into segments which could be meaningfully attacked directly.
This is the reason why TIMS has been organized functionally along the lines of colleges. These colleges emphasize, in some cases, techniques such as simulation, linear programming, and decision theory; and in other cases they emphasize such management problem areas as production and inventory management, and research and development management. Although there is overlapping among the colleges, the ability to focus attention on special areas in this fashion has proved a valuable communication medium and has contributed materially to the growth of TIMS.
There was a session at the Paris Meeting on each of the college subjects. In addition sessions were held on Methodology, Case Histories and Fundamentals of Management Education.
There were 78 papers presented at the Conference and most of the major nations of the world had sent representatives. The total number of participants was almost one thousand.
A special feature of the Conference was an extra day on September 11th devoted to the new area of management games. During the last three years, there has been considerable progress in the development of analytical descriptions of entire business enterprises and their interaction. Many such games may be played by management. In such games, small groups of five to ten people form an enterprise and compete with four or five other groups of similar size, using financial Information in thè way of balance sheets and profit and loss statements to help them make major management decisions. In general, electronic computers are then used to make the calculations of the results of these decisions and these results are then returned for another play of the game. Usually four plays correspond to a calendar year. These games serve an important purpose for training as well as research in investigating group interaction in industry. The opportunity was given to a number of participants to play the games which had been developed and tested in the United States, France, Great Britain and Denmark.

Abstract/Sommario: Introductory - Frequency distributions. Statistical parameters - Probability. The binomial distribution - Poisson's distribution. The normal distribution - Sum of squares of normal variates. Goodness of fit - Small samples. Student's t. Variance ratio - Quality control - Sampling inspection schemes - Theory of errors - The method of least squares - Correlation - The analysis of variance - The principle of maximum likelihood. Probit analysis - Tables.

Abstract/Sommario: The axiom of extension - The axiom of specification - Unordered pairs - Unions and intersections - Complements and powers - Ordered pairs - Relations - Functions - Families - Inverses and composites - Numbers - The Peano axioms - Arithmetic - Order - The axiom of choice - Zorn's lemma - Well ordering - Transfinite recursion - Ordinal numbers - Sets of ordinal numbers - Ordinal arithmetic - The Schroder-Bernstein theorem - Countable sets - Cardinal arithmetic - Cardinal numbers.